Spleen Somatic Index and Gonado Somatic Index Responses to Seasonal Changes in River Tawi of Garra Gotyla Gotyla

Abstract

Because of its bioindicator value, understanding how the freshwater fish species Garra gotyla gotyla interacts with the environment is of the utmost importance. For the purposes of this research, fish of the genus Garra were taken from the river Tawi. From November 2020 until October 2021, the research was conducted. Summertime SSI values were lowest (0.146) and wintertime SSI values were greatest (0.335). There is a negative correlation between SSI and GSI (gonado somatic index). The summer months had the highest GSI value (9.35), while the winter months saw the lowest (0.36). Predator-prey dynamics and competitive pressures are two examples of the biotic interactions that impact species' behavior and adaptations.